FPGAS

 

FPGA stands for field-programmable gate array. Starting with a basic definition, essentially, an FPGA is a hardware circuit that a user can program to carry out one or more logical operations. FPGAs are integrated circuits or ICs. Those circuits, or arrays, are groups of programmable logic gates, memory, or other elements. The user programs the hardware circuit/circuits. The programming can be a single, simple logic gate or can involve one or more complex functions, including tasks that together act as a comprehensive multi-core processor.


 

FPGAs provide you with the opportunity to choose between programming a custom digital circuit with your discrete logic or creating the circuit directly in silicon. Each of these options has its respective advantages/disadvantages. FPGAs can perform multiple independent tasks simultaneously by designating dedicated portions of the FPGAs to perform individual tasks. This process increases the performance of FPGAs exponentially. So, in fields where high performance and extensive computation are required, FPGAs are the ideal candidates.

·        FPGAs are used in many industries and applications such as:

·        The energy sector (renewable energy)

·        Automotive industry

·        Aerospace

·        Defense sector

·        Analog to digital converters

·        Artificial intelligence

·        ASIC Prototyping

·        Broadcast & Pro AV

·        Video & Image Processing

·        Wired and Wireless communications

·        Medical industry

·        Consumer electronics

·        High-performance computing

·        Data storage.

There are alternatives available for FGAS, however, it has been proven that over time FPGAs are the most flexible and cost-effective option. There are two alternatives available for FPGAs. These are

1)     ASIC

2)     Network Processor (NPU).

 

The disadvantages of ASIC outweigh its advantages. Although ASIC has many attractive qualities, it does not offer the flexibility that the FPGA does. The lack of programmability, prolonged and intensive development cycles, and high cost at low volume render the ASIC a very unattractive product for packet processing and application offload functionality.

Both Network processors and FPGAs are programmable. As a result, they are an ideal candidate for environments where there is a need for customization or where requirements change over time. When comparing FPGAs with NPUs, FPGAs have some distinct advantages over NPUS. These advantages include the new silicon technologies (e.g., 25G SerDes, DDR4 DRAM support) available on FPGAs first. This is mainly because the FPGA market is more significant (FPGAs are used across industries as diverse as defense, broadcasting, and medical) and, therefore, more stable and profitable. This leads to more significant investment, innovation, and better pricing. On the technical side, FPGAs use less power and have more deterministic latency and performance, which are distinct advantages for packet processing and application offload.

 

FPGAs are classified based on the internal arrangement of blocks and programming. Based on the internal configuration of blocks, FPGAs are classified into the following three types

·        Symmetrical arrays

·        Row-based architecture

·        Hierarchical PLD

Whereas based on programming FPGAs are classified into the following types

·        Flash-based FPGAs

·        Antifuse-based FPGAs

·        SRAM-based FPGAs. 

 

Location: United States

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